What is rendering?
Rendering is the process in which a browser or search engine turns the code of a page (HTML, CSS and JavaScript) into the page a person actually sees. Google first reads the HTML and then runs the JavaScript in a separate rendering step before the content of the page ends up in its index.
Why is rendering important?
- Visible content: text and links that only appear after JavaScript runs may be picked up late, or not at all.
- Speed: heavy scripts slow down rendering, and with it the loading time.
- AI search engines: not every AI assistant’s crawler runs JavaScript, so key content is safest in the HTML itself.
Examples of rendering
- Server-side rendering: the server sends a finished page, as a classic WordPress site does.
- Client-side rendering: the browser builds the page with JavaScript, as many single-page apps do.
- Static generation: pages are built in advance and served as files.
How do you get rendering right?
Make sure the most important text, headings and links are already in the initial HTML, and don’t block scripts or stylesheets in robots.txt. Use the URL Inspection tool in Google Search Console to see how Google renders your page. With a JavaScript framework, prefer server-side or static rendering. See technical SEO.